Colonialism is a pain to get to spread through Europe, particularly if Castile/Spain and France are hostile towards one another. There's also a difference between the particular Institutions. So, unless you're a nation that used to be in the Western tech group, assume that it's supposed to take a while for Institutions to reach you.
After all, a new one only spawns every 50 years, and it's replacing the old tech group modifiers if a country once had a 25% tech cost penalty, that basically corresponds to being 25 years behind on Institutions on average (which probably means swinging between 0 and 50, so basically getting a new Institution just as the next one is spawning). Institution spread isn't exactly supposed to be quick, especially if your nation is large.